Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month: Know the Risks, Symptoms, and Prevention

March is Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, a time dedicated to spreading awareness about one of the most common and preventable cancers worldwide.

Colorectal cancer affects the colon or rectum and can be life-threatening if not detected early. However, with timely screening, lifestyle changes, and awareness, the risk of developing this cancer can be significantly reduced.

Understanding Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer begins in the large intestine (colon) or rectum, often developing from precancerous polyps that grow over time. If these polyps are detected and removed early, cancer can be prevented. It is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally.

Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer

While colorectal cancer can affect anyone, certain factors increase the risk:

1. Age – Most cases occur in individuals over 45 years old.
2. Family History – A history of colorectal cancer or polyps in close relatives increases the risk.
3. Diet – A diet high in red and processed meats and low in fiber may contribute to colorectal cancer.
4. Obesity – Excess body weight is linked to a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer.
5. Sedentary Lifestyle – Lack of physical activity increases the risk.
6. Smoking & Alcohol – These habits are associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer.
7. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) – Conditions like ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease raise the risk.

Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer

Early-stage colorectal cancer may not cause symptoms, which is why regular screening is crucial. However, common warning signs include:

• Blood in stool or rectal bleeding
• Persistent changes in bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation)
• Unexplained weight loss
• Ongoing abdominal pain or cramps
• Fatigue or weakness
• Feeling that the bowel doesn’t empty completely

The Importance of Screening

Regular screening can detect colorectal cancer before symptoms appear, improving the chances of successful treatment. The American Cancer Society recommends that individuals at average risk start screening at age 45. Those with higher risk factors may need earlier or more frequent screenings.

Common Screening Methods:

1. Colonoscopy – The most effective test; it detects and removes polyps.
2. Stool Tests – Non-invasive tests that check for hidden blood or abnormal DNA in stool.
3. Sigmoidoscopy – Examines only the lower part of the colon.

Preventing Colorectal Cancer

While some risk factors like genetics cannot be changed, adopting a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk:

• Eat a fiber-rich diet – Include vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and nuts.
• Limit red and processed meats – Reduce consumption of bacon, sausages, and processed foods.
• Exercise regularly – At least 30 minutes of moderate activity daily.
• Maintain a healthy weight – Obesity increases the risk of colorectal cancer.
• Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption.
• Get screened regularly – Early detection saves lives!

Spreading Awareness This March

Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month serves as a reminder to educate, prevent, and detect this disease early. 

Support the cause by:

✅ Wearing a blue ribbon, the symbol of colorectal cancer awareness.

✅ Sharing awareness posts on social media.

✅ Encouraging family and friends to schedule screenings.

✅ Organizing or participating in awareness events

Colorectal cancer is preventable, treatable, and beatable with early detection and the right lifestyle choices. This March, let’s take a step toward better health by raising awareness and promoting regular screenings. Your health matters—get screened today!

Helpful Resources

1. WHO: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Cervical Cancer

2. National Cancer Institute: Cervical Cancer

3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Cervical Cancer Awareness

4. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

5. Indian Cancer Society